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C/C++ Users Group Library 1996 July
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C-C++ Users Group Library July 1996.iso
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dos.src
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MS-DOS help file.
The subsections below contains information on various commands and other
features which are included with MS-DOS version 5.0.
>Commands for general use.
This section describes general user commands.
>>APPEND [[drive:]path[;...]] [/X[:ON | :OFF]] [/PATH:ON | /PATH:OFF] [/E]
or APPEND ;
Allows programs to open data files in specified directories as if they were in
the current directory.
[drive:]path Specifies a drive and directory to append.
/X:ON Applies appended directories to file searches and
application execution.
/X:OFF Applies appended directories only to requests to open files.
/X:OFF is the default setting.
/PATH:ON Applies appended directories to file requests that already
specify a path. /PATH:ON is the default setting.
/PATH:OFF Turns off the effect of /PATH:ON.
/E Stores a copy of the appended directory list in an environment
variable named APPEND. /E may be used only the first time
you use APPEND after starting your system.
Type APPEND ; to clear the appended directory list.
Type APPEND without parameters to display the appended directory list.
>>ASSIGN [x[:]=y[:][...]] or ASSIGN /STATUS
Redirects requests for disk operations on one drive to a different drive.
x Specifies the drive letter to reassign.
y Specifies the drive that x: will be assigned to.
/STATUS Displays current drive assignments.
Type ASSIGN without parameters to remove all drive assignments.
>>ATTRIB [+/-R] [+/-A] [+/-S] [+/-H] [[drive:][path]filename] [/S]
Displays or changes file attributes.
+/-R Set/Clear READ-ONLY file attribute.
+/-A Set/Clear ARCHIVE file attribute.
+/-S Set/Clear SYSTEM file attribute.
+/-H Set/Clear HIDDEN file attribute.
/S Recurse into subdirectories.
Note: ATTRIB can also be used as a general "find file" program.
EG: to display all ".BAT" file on drive C: attrib c:\*.bat /s
>>BACKUP source dest: [/S] [/M] [/A] [/F:size] [/D:date[/T:time]] [/L:logfile]
Backs up one or more files from one disk to another.
source Specifies the files, drive, or directory to back up.
dest: Specifies the drive to save backup copies onto.
/A Adds files to an existing backup (retains old files).
/D:date Backup files changed on or after the specified date.
/F:[size] Specifies the size of the disk to be formatted.
/L:logfile Logs backup to specified file.
/M Backup files that have changed since the last backup.
/S Recursivly backup subdirectories.
/T:time Backup files changed at or after the specified time.
>>BREAK [ON | OFF]
Sets or clears extended CTRL+C checking.
Type BREAK without a parameter to display the current BREAK setting.
>>CD [drive:][path] or CD [..]
Displays the name of or changes the current working directory.
.. Specifies that you want to change to the parent directory.
Type CD drive: to display the current directory in the specified drive.
Type CD without parameters to display the current drive and directory.
>>CHCP [nnn]
Displays or sets the active code page number.
nnn Specifies a code page number.
Type CHCP without a parameter to display the active code page number.
>>CHKDSK [drive:][[path]filename] [/F] [/V]
Checks a integrity of FAT's and directories on a drive.
[drive:][path] Specifies the drive and directory to check.
filename Specifies file(s) to check for fragmentation.
/F Fixes errors on the disk.
/V Display full path and name of every file on the disk.
Type CHKDSK without parameters to check the current disk.
>>CLS
Clears the console screen.
>>COMMAND [[drive:]path] [device] [/E:nnnnn] [/P] [/C string] [/MSG]
Starts a new instance of the MS-DOS command interpreter.
[drive:]path Specifies the directory containing COMMAND.COM file.
device Specifies the device to use for command input and output.
/E:nnnnn Sets the initial environment size to nnnnn bytes.
/P Makes the new command interpreter permanent (can't exit).
/C string Carries out the command specified by string, and then stops.
/MSG Specifies that all error messages be stored in memory. You
need to specify /P with this switch.
>>COMP [data1] [data2] [/D] [/A] [/L] [/N=number] [/C]
Compares the contents of two files or sets of files.
data1 Specifies location and name(s) of first file(s) to compare.
data2 Specifies location and name(s) of second files to compare.
/D Displays differences in decimal format. This is the default
setting.
/A Displays differences in ASCII characters.
/L Displays line numbers for differences.
/N=number Compares only the first specified number of lines in each file.
/C Disregards case of ASCII letters when comparing files.
To compare sets of files, use wildcards in data1 and data2 parameters.
>>COPY [/A|/B] source [/A|/B] [+source [/A|/B] [+...]] [dest [/A|/B]] [/V]
Copies one or more files to another location.
source Specifies the file or files to be copied.
/A Indicates an ASCII text file.
/B Indicates a binary file.
dest Specifies the directory and/or filename for the new file(s).
/V Verifies that new files are written correctly.
To append files, specify a single file for destination, but multiple files
for source (using wildcards or file1+file2+file3 format).
>>CTTY device
Changes the terminal device used to control your system.
device The terminal device you want to use, such as COM1.
>>DATE [date]
Displays or sets the date.
Type DATE without parameters to display the current date setting and
a prompt for a new one. Press ENTER to keep the same date.
>>DEBUG [[drive:][path]filename [testfile-parameters]]
Runs Debug, a program testing and editing tool.
[drive:][path]filename Specifies the file you want to test.
testfile-parameters Specifies command-line information required by
the file you want to test.
After Debug starts, type ? to display a list of debugging commands.
>>>Assemble : A [address]
Translates assembly language mnemonics into machine code, and places it
at the specified address. If no address is given, continues from the
last address used.
>>>Compare : C range address
Compares the memory region covered by 'range' with the region beginning
at 'address'.
>>>Dump : D [range]
Dumps the range of memory region specified by range in hex/ASCII dump
format. If range is not given, dumps 128 byte from last dump command.
>>>Enter : E address [list]
Enters data from [list] directly into memory at the specified address. If
[list] is not given, an interactive prompt is issued for data.
>>>Fill : F range list
Fills the memory region covered by range with the data values specified by
list.
>>>Go : G[=address] [breakpoints]
Begins program execution at the specified address. If an address is not
given, execution begins at the addrss in CS:IP.
Up to 10 temporary breakpoints addresses can be specified, and will cause
the program to trap if execution is attempted at any of those addresses.
>>>Hex arithmetic : H value1 value2
Displays the sum and difference of the two hex values.
>>>Input : I port
Reads and displays single data byte from the specified I/O port address.
>>>Load : L [address] [drive start number]
Loads the number of bytes contained in BX:CX into memory at the specified
address (Default is CS contents). The filename must have been passed on
the debug command line, or specified with the 'N'ame command.
If [drive start number] is specified, the MSDOS file system is bypassed,
and the data is loaded directly from the specified disk drive (0=A, 1=B, ...)
at the specified sector and number of sectors.
>>>Move : M range address
Copies the contents of the memory region specified by 'range', to th